![]() In the modern era, formal support services have included adoption, fostering and foundling hospitals. These have included kinship care by families and friendship circles in every culture, the adoption and fostering of alumni children in Roman society, and the oblation of children who were given into the care of monastic institutions if a family was unable to provide adequate care. The fetus, though enclosed in the womb of its mother, is already a human being, and it is almost a monstrous crime to rob it of the life which it has not yet begun to enjoy.Ībortions have taken place either within or outside the law throughout European history, alongside initiatives by opponents of abortion to provide alternatives where a pregnancy is difficult or unwanted. ![]() From the first moment of his existence, a human being must be recognized as having the rights of a person – among which is the inviolable right of every innocent being to life.įollowing the Reformation, Protestants also affirmed life before birth and opposed abortion, although individual Protestant churches have adopted differing positions on the grounds on which abortion should or should not be permitted. Human life must be respected and protected absolutely from the moment of conception. Pope John Paul II outlined Catholic teaching on abortion and support for a definition of life beginning at conception in his 1995 encyclical Evangelium Vitae and through the 1992 Catechism of the Catholic Church: Restrictions on abortion have generally corresponded with laws and societies influenced by the Roman Catholic Christianity or where a substantial number of health professionals refuse to perform abortion due to a personal conscientious objection which is often, but not always, related to religious faith. Īn early Christian understanding of preventing abortion and infanticide was outlined in the 1st century Didache. The other party prescribes abortives, but with discrimination. because it is the specific task of medicine to guard and preserve what has been engendered by nature. The medical writer Soranus of Ephesus wrote in the early 2nd century AD: Ī contraceptive differs from an abortive, for the first does not let conception take place, while the latter destroys what has been conceived. History ĭebates around abortion, pregnancy and the beginning of life were common in Greek and Roman philosophy and medicine, and would have also been known in cultures which have not left a written record. ![]() However, abortions are de facto allowed in both countries to save the life of the pregnant woman through observance of the principle of double effect. Abortion is prohibited (as an intentional action to cause a miscarriage) in Andorra and Malta. Grounds for abortion are highly restricted in Poland and in the smaller jurisdictions of Monaco, The most extensive term limits are in the United Kingdom and in the Netherlands, both at 24 weeks of gestation. ![]() 12 weeks in Germany and Italy, or 14 weeks in France and Spain). In most European countries, as illustrated in the map and in the country-by-country table below, abortion is generally permitted within a term limit below fetal viability (e.g. Legal to 24 weeks (5½ months) Legal to 12–28 weeksĪbortion in Europe varies considerably between countries and territories due to differing national laws and policies on its legality, availability of the procedure, and alternative forms of support for pregnant women and their families. ![]()
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